Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

What is key to preventing SIADH?

1. Fluid restriction

2. Successful treatment of the underlying malignancy

3. Regular monitoring of urine output

4. Frequent electrolyte checks

The correct answer is: Successful treatment of the underlying malignancy

The primary way to prevent the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is to address its underlying cause, which is often associated with certain malignancies, medication use, or other medical conditions. Successful treatment of the underlying malignancy helps in mitigating the factors that lead to the inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). When the malignancy is effectively treated, the stimuli that trigger the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary can be reduced or eliminated, thus preventing the continuation of SIADH. This could involve chemotherapy, radiation, or other interventions that target the cancer itself. While fluid restriction, regular monitoring of urine output, and frequent electrolyte checks are important components in managing a patient who already has SIADH, they do not directly prevent the condition. Instead, they serve as supportive measures to manage the symptoms and complications. Focusing on the treatment of the malignancy is fundamental, as it addresses the root cause of SIADH, ultimately leading to its prevention.