Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

What condition can result from the infiltration of cancer into the pericardial sac?

1. Congestive Heart Failure

2. Cardiac Tamponade

3. Myocardial Infarction

4. Pericardial Effusion

The correct answer is: Cardiac Tamponade

The infiltration of cancer into the pericardial sac can lead to cardiac tamponade due to the accumulation of fluid or solid tumor mass in the pericardial space, which restricts the heart's ability to fill properly during diastole. As the pericardium becomes engorged with fluid, it creates pressure on the heart. This pressure prevents the heart chambers from expanding fully, which can severely compromise cardiac output and lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, tachycardia, and hypotension. Since cardiac tamponade directly relates to the physical compression of the heart caused by external factors like a malignant tumor, it is critical for healthcare providers to recognize this condition promptly and intervene, as it can be life-threatening. This condition stands out as a specific result of tumor infiltration into the pericardium, distinguishing it from other cardiac-related issues that may arise but do not directly stem from infiltration of cancer.