Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

What is a primary concern for kidney function during Tumor Lysis Syndrome?

1. Increased uric acid levels

2. Decreased blood flow

3. Elevated sodium levels

4. Low potassium levels

The correct answer is: Increased uric acid levels

The primary concern for kidney function during Tumor Lysis Syndrome is the increase in uric acid levels. Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) occurs when a large number of tumor cells are lysed (broken down), typically after the initiation of treatment for malignancies, leading to the rapid release of cellular contents into the bloodstream. One significant consequence of this rapid cell breakdown is the release of purines, which are subsequently metabolized to uric acid. Elevated uric acid levels can lead to precipitation in renal tubules, potentially causing acute kidney injury due to obstructive nephropathy. The kidneys may struggle to excrete this excess uric acid, leading to further complications. While decreased blood flow, elevated sodium levels, and low potassium levels can pose risks to kidney function, they are not as directly linked to the immediate and acute manifestations of Tumor Lysis Syndrome as elevated uric acid levels. Thus, recognizing the impact of increased uric acid on kidney health is crucial for managing patients at risk for TLS effectively.