Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

What is an important consideration in TLS management?

1. Adequate hydration

2. Immediate surgery

3. Short-term observation

4. Using only oral medications

The correct answer is: Adequate hydration

Adequate hydration is a crucial component in the management of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) due to its role in preventing the complications associated with the rapid release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream following the destruction of large numbers of tumor cells. TLS can lead to metabolic abnormalities such as hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia, which can cause significant complications like acute kidney injury. Proper hydration, through intravenous fluids, helps to dilute these electrolytes and support renal function, allowing for effective clearance of uric acid and other metabolites. Hydration not only assists in maintaining kidney perfusion but also helps to alleviate the risk of acute renal failure, which is a primary concern in TLS management. Additionally, adequate hydration is often combined with other preventive measures such as the use of allopurinol or rasburicase to manage uric acid levels effectively. In contrast, immediate surgery, short-term observation, and relying solely on oral medications do not address the immediate requirements of TLS management, which primarily revolves around fluid balance and electrolyte management. Therefore, adequate hydration is foundational to effectively managing the risks associated with TLS.