Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

Which medication is classified as an antihistamine?

1. Ranitidine

2. Glucagon

3. Methylprednisolone

4. Epinephrine

The correct answer is: Ranitidine

Ranitidine is classified as an antihistamine because it works as an H2 receptor antagonist, primarily targeting histamine receptors in the stomach lining. By blocking these receptors, ranitidine reduces the production of stomach acid, which is particularly beneficial in treating conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. Although often associated with allergies due to its name, in the context of acid suppression, it exemplifies the importance of understanding various histamine pathways in pharmacology. In contrast, the other medications listed serve different therapeutic purposes. Glucagon is a hormone used to raise blood glucose levels, primarily in cases of hypoglycemia. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses the immune response, making it effective for various autoimmune conditions and allergies, though it is not an antihistamine. Epinephrine, known for its role in treating severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, acts primarily as an adrenergic agonist rather than an antihistamine. Understanding the distinctions among these medications is crucial for effective clinical application and patient care in oncology and beyond.