Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

Which of the following is NOT a type of transfusion reaction?

1. Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction

2. Chronic Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

3. Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury

4. Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload

The correct answer is: Chronic Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

The correct answer is that chronic hemolytic transfusion reaction is not typically classified as a type of transfusion reaction. Transfusion reactions are generally categorized based on their timing, mechanism, and clinical manifestation. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are common and occur due to recipient antibodies reacting to donor white blood cells or platelets, resulting in fever and chills. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) involves acute respiratory distress following transfusion, linked to antibodies in donor plasma reacting with recipient leukocytes. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) occurs when the volume of blood transfused overwhelms the recipient's circulatory system, leading to signs of fluid overload such as pulmonary edema. Conversely, chronic hemolytic transfusion reaction is not formally recognized in clinical guidelines; while delayed hemolytic reactions can occur weeks after transfusion, "chronic hemolytic" does not refer to this in the literature. The terminology may lead to confusion, but it does not fit within the established classifications of transfusion reactions.