Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test

Which serious effects can result from Superior Vena Cava Syndrome?

1. Increased cardiac output

2. Visual disturbances

3. Decreased cardiac output

4. Weight loss

The correct answer is: Decreased cardiac output

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) is a condition that occurs when there is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava, which is responsible for returning deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, upper torso, and arms to the heart. The correct choice identifies decreased cardiac output as a serious effect that can result from SVCS. When the superior vena cava is obstructed, it can lead to increased pressure in the venous system, particularly in the head and neck. This results in various symptoms including facial swelling, distended neck veins, and respiratory distress. As the venous return to the heart is compromised, the heart may struggle to maintain adequate blood flow and volume, ultimately leading to decreased cardiac output. The heart's ability to pump blood effectively is impaired, which can result in symptoms of heart failure or decreased perfusion to vital organs. This condition can also lead to various downstream physiological changes, contributing to systemic effects. The decreased cardiac output can compromise oxygen delivery and organ function, necessitating prompt medical intervention.